Concept of the method

3. Geert Hofstede 5 Dimensions of Culture

3.5. Long-term vs short-term orientation CDI (Confucian Dynamism Index)

Long-term cultures focus on the distant future and emphasize on the importance of preparing the future like modern education. Also, these cultures emphasize on the importance of saving, persistence and achieving goals that may only come to completion after several generations.

Sort-term orientation societies focus on the past and traditions and they become suspicious of societal change. There is also respect for fulfilling social obligations and a consistent understanding of morality in these societies.

On the other hand, Individualism is supposed to have more positive attitudes toward Immigrants.

Masculinity (or low femininity) at the cultural level may be linked to more negative attitudes towards immigrants and multiculturalism. Hypothetically, uncertainty avoidance will be linked to less positive attitudes toward immigrants and multiculturalism.

“For Hofstede’s cultural typology, high power distance, masculinity, uncertainty Avoidance and Collectivism (low individualism) will be associated with more negative attitudes toward immigrants and multiculturalism” [1]